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“Do you learn to write essays by writing bad ones, and (36) , or by learning to write sentences and their paragraphs and then how to link paragraphs?” Michael Lewis points out, that though a wide (37) of methods has been developed over the last decades we still do not know how best to teach our students. Nowadays there is a (38) in the field to favor the notion of approach which serves the teaching profession well since experience has shown that no one method can provide a (39) answer to students' different needs. The following are two ( 40) principles on which different approaches to writing are supposed to be based.Communication in WritingEach piece of writing is in essence a piece of (41) . Writing is certainly no one-way-street. Students need to be made aware of this. There is a writer who wants to communicate something to an audience. The notions of "Purpose" and "Audience" are ( 42) here. Situations can be created in class where students write with a concrete audience like other students or pen pals in mind. Teachers need to create motivating (43) , which intrinsically encourage students to write.From Process to ProductIn Japanese martial arts like Judo and Aikido the suffix “do” means “the way” emphasizing that it is the way, the process, which is important. However, you can only go along a certain way if you know where to go. You need to have a (44 ) in mind, the product. “The product is, after all, the (45 ) goal; it is the reason why we go through the process of prewriting, drafting, revising, and editing.”选项:A) communication B) stressed C) occasions D) linkingE) focus F) ultimate G) theoretical H) satisfactoryI) improving J) tendency K) variety L) viewpointM) secondary N) specialty O) changing
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American researchers think they have found the answer to a strange case. People wonder why overhearing a cell-phone conversation is so( 36 ). Whether it is in the office, on a train or in a car, only half of the conversation is overheard which draws more attention and ( 37 ) than when hearing two people talking, according to a study.“We have less ( 38 ) over moving away our attention from half a conversation than when listening to a dialogue,” said Lauren Emberson, a co-author of the study. “Since pieces of dialogues really (39 ) more of your attention. You can't stop yourself. This could explain why people are ( 40) ,” she said in an interview.(41 ) , there are about 4.6 billion cell-phone users. China has the most cell-phone users with 634 million, ( 42 ) by India with 545 million and the United States with 270 million, figures from the US Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) show.Emberson said people try to make sense of broken conversation and ( 43 )what speakers will say next. “When you hear half of a conversation, you can't get enough ( 44 ) and you can't know the content in advance,” she said. “Understanding it occupies more time than an entire dialogue.”The findings are based on a research ( 45 ) 41 college students who did concentration exercises, like tracking moving dots, while hearing one or both parties during a cell-phone conversation.选项:A) followed B) control C) Worldwide D) annoying E) irritated F) involvingG) concentration H) appealingI) presume J) capability K) HoweverL) includingM) distract N) predict O) information
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The Government is to give new "job splitting" grants to employers willing to offer part-time work to people ( 36 )unemployment benefit. The new ( 37 ), which took many union leaders and large employers by surprise last night, will be announced in detail in the autumn. It is ( 38 )to cost the taxpayer nothing because of savings in unemployment benefit. The proposal, ( 39 )last night by Mr. Norman Tebbit, Secretary of State for Employment, will be in addition to the new Community Program for the long-term unemployed. Mr. Tebbit said that under the scheme a ( 40 )could be offered to two unemployed people, one unemployed person and one existing full-time employee or two existing full-time employees if one of them would otherwise have been made ( 41 ). The Employment Secretary suggested yesterday that workers reaching retirement might find the idea of sharing their job attractive, if pensions could be ( 42 ). But he also said that firms might find it attractive to offer one vacancy to two school leavers. Mr. Len Murray, general secretary of the TUC, which, like the Confederation of British Industry, was not formally consulted on the new scheme, ( 43 )it last night as "nothing more than a shabby exercise designed to reduce the unemployment figures". Mr. Tebbit claimed that both the schemes would make it possible for more people to "regain the dignity of a job, to ( 44 )in work, even on a part-time basis". In a sharp reaction to the Community Program, Mr. Nicholas Hinton, Director of the National Council for Voluntary Organizations, whose members will be expected to sponsor many of the new places, said: "The Government is trying to spread too little money too thinly among too many people, and many voluntary organizations are suspicious of its ( 45 )." The Engineering Employers' Federation said it would be recommending the job splitting scheme to its members.选项:A) remain B) attacked C) unveiled D) reasonableE) personalities F) redundant G) motives H) intendedI) conflicts J) vacancy K) comprised L) securedM) claiming N) ideas O) scheme
简答
The Government is to give new "job splitting" grants to employers willing to offer part-time work to people ( 36 ) unemployment benefit.
The new ( 37 ) , which took many union leaders and large employers by surprise last night, will be announced in detail in the autumn. It is ( 38 ) to cost the taxpayer nothing because of savings in unemployment benefit. The proposal, ( 39 ) last night by Mr. Norman Tebbit, Secretary of State for Employment, will be in addition to the new Community Program for the long-term unemployed.
Mr. Tebbit said that under the scheme a ( 40 ) could be offered to two unemployed people, one unemployed person and one existing full-time employee or two existing full-time employees if one of them would otherwise have been made ( 41 ) .
The Employment Secretary suggested yesterday that workers reaching retirement might find the idea of sharing their job attractive, if pensions could be ( 42 ) . But he also said that firms might find it attractive to offer one vacancy to two school leavers.
Mr. Len Murray, general secretary of the TUC, which, like the Confederation of British Industry, was not formally consulted on the new scheme, ( 43 ) it last night as "nothing more than a shabby exercise designed to reduce the unemployment figures".
Mr. Tebbit claimed that both the schemes would make it possible for more people to "regain the dignity of a job, to ( 44 ) in work, even on a part-time basis".
In a sharp reaction to the Community Program, Mr. Nicholas Hinton, Director of the National Council for Voluntary Organizations, whose members will be expected to sponsor many of the new places, said: "The Government is trying to spread too little money too thinly among too many people, and many voluntary organizations are suspicious of its ( 45 ) ."
The Engineering Employers' Federation said it would be recommending the job splitting scheme to its members.
(按答案顺序填入A\B\C\D等符号)